Marco Garcia-Vaquero, Gaurav Rajauria, in Fruit Juices, 2018 33.3.1.4 Total carotenoid content estimation Furthermore, they also have antiinflammatory and immunity boosting properties and used to prevent CVDs ( Yamagata, 2017 Amengual et al., 2017). Vitamin A is crucial for vision, normal growth, and some carotenoids can be converted into this vitamin in the body. These also deactivate the free radicals, hence providing the antioxidant function as well as strong cancer-fighting characteristics ( Soares et al., 2015).
However, carotenoids facilitate plants in photosynthesis by absorbing light energy ( Solovchenko and Neverov, 2017). Xanthophyll as well acts as an antioxidant and particularly have a great role in the health of human eyes ( Grudzinski et al., 2017 Thomas and Harrison, 2016). Later class is oxygen-containing molecules, found in dark leafy greens such as kale, spinach, and broccoli ( Al-Yafeai et al., 2018). Association of word carrot with carotene will certainly relate the color of these pigments. Xanthophyll is the molecules known as hydrocarbons and found in orange and yellow fruits and vegetables, for example, pumpkin, cantaloupe, sweet potatoes, apricots and carrots. Following two are the main categories of carotenoids carotenes and xanthophyll, both have different composition and molecular structure. There are over 600 known carotenoids in nature, found in plant cells, bacteria, and algae, and that belongs to a class of phytonutrients (“plant chemicals”) ( Meléndez-Martínez et al., 2014). Different vegetables and fruits in which carotenoids are present: yams, carrots, sweet potatoes, watermelon, papaya, cantaloupe, spinach, mangos, kale, tomatoes, oranges, bell peppers, etc. Therefore, consumption of foods that have carotenoids provide various health benefits to the human body. Plant pigments that are responsible for their yellow, bright red, and orange color are carotenoids that play a key role in plant health.
Anees Ahmed Khalil, in Nutrients in Beverages, 2019 7.2.3 Carotenoids
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